Unilever Laboratory Experiments

This series of guides to experiments was published by Unilever between 1964 and 1973. The experiments were adapted from procedures used in Unilever laboratories at the time to show the relevance of basic and applied research in the development and testing of new consumer products. The experiments relate to topics in advanced level chemistry courses. In many of the experiments the procedures are challenging. In some instances the methods could not be followed today without adaptation because of the hazardous chemicals involved.

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Isolation of Oil of Clove Followed by Extraction of Eugenol

This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1966, describes the use of steam distillation to separate oil from crushed cloves. The method for extracting the eugenol from the oil used carbon tetrachloride (tetrachloromethane) and so would need to be modified before this could now be done in schools and...

Making an Emulsion

This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1966, demonstrates that mineral oil and water form an oil-in-water emulsion when sodium oleate is the emulsifier, and a water-in-oil emulsion when calcium oleate is the emulsifier. Water-soluble and oil-soluble dyes are used to distinguish the two types of emulsion...

Supercontraction of Hair

This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1967, describes an experiment to measure the contraction of hair in a hot solution of phenol. The procedure is based on a school-made apparatus to measure the changes of length. The results are discussed in terms of hydrogen bonding and disulphide bonds between...

The Rusting of Steel

This Unilever Laboratory Experiment, published in 1969, gives the procedure for using corrosion (ferroxyl) indicator to demonstrate anodic and cathodic areas on the surface of steel as it corrodes.

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